Miletić, Daliborka (2018) Obilježja involucijskoga entropija donje vjeđe [Characteristics of involutional lower eyelid entropion]. PhD thesis, Sveučilište u Zagrebu.
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Abstract
Entropion is an inward rotation of the eyelid margin and the age related lower eyelid involutional entropion is the most common type. Generally accepted mechanisms of its development involve increased vertical and horizontal eyelid laxity with atrophy and shrinkage of tarsus, as well as hyperactivity of m. orbicularis. However, serious pathohistological studies to support these are scarce. Hypothesis of this study is that thickening of tarsus - m. orbicularis complex in conjunction with impaired lower eyelid retractor attachments are responsible for involutional entropion. From June 2012 to May 2015, a case-control study was conducted on 20 consecutive patients with involutional lower eyelid entropion and 20 matching patients with lateral lower eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC). All patients were appropriately surgically treated and obtained full-thickness eyelid specimens were further histopathologically analized. The analysis included measurements of tarsal thickness and height, thickness of the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle, diameter of muscle fibers and qualitative changes in lower eyelid retractor attachment. The two study groups were comparable regarding gender and although the entropion group (76.7±7.16 years) was, on average, older than the control group (72.7±6.71 years), the differences was not statistically significant. The tarsus was significantly thicker in the entropion group (p=0.006; t-test). The mean tarsal thickness was 1.40±0.32 mm, whereas in the BCC group was 1.16±0.19 mm. Although without statistical significance, the tarsus was on average higher in the entropion group. There was no statistically significant difference in the thickness of the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle and diameter of the muscle fibers between the two groups. In the entropion group 60% of the lids had total and 35% partial dehiscence of the retractor, whereas in the BCC group dehiscence was found in only 45% of the lids. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.002; chi-square test). The results of this study confirm our hypothesis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first histopathological study documenting thickening of the tarsus in involutional lower eyelid entropion. Further studies are needed to establish the true role of this important documentation in the entropion development. Moreover, dehiscence of the lower eyelid retractor was proven histopatologically in 95% of the entropic lids. With this in mind, correction of vertical instability should be mandatory in involutional lower eyelid entropion repair.
Abstract in Croatian
Entropij označava uvrtanje vjeđnog ruba prema oku, a najčešći je s dobi povezan involucijski entropij donje vjeđe. Općenito prihvaćeni mehanizmi njegova nastanka su povećanje okomite i vodoravne labavosti vjeđe s atrofijom tarzusa, te hiperaktivnost orbikularnoga mišića. No, ozbiljne histopatološke studije koje bi to potvrdile su rijetke. Hipoteza ovoga rada je da involucijski entropij donje vjeđe nastaje zbog zadebljanja kompleksa tarzusa i orbikularnoga mišića uz oslabljenu vezu s retraktorom. Od lipnja 2012. do svibnja 2015. godine trajalo je istraživanje usporedbe parova na 20 konsekutivnih bolesnika s involucijskim entropijem donje vjeđe i 20 bolesnika kontrolne skupine, usporedivih po dobi i spolu, s bazocelularnim karcinomom (BCC) lateralne polovine donje vjeđe. Svi bolesnici su odgovarajuće kirurški liječeni, a dobiveni tkivni materijal nakon pentagonalne ekscizije pune debljine vjeđe je dalje histopatološki obrađivan. Obrada je uključivala mjerenje debljine i visine tarzusa, mjerenje ukupne debljine pretarzalnoga dijela orbikularnoga mišića i promjera pojedinoga mišićnog vlakna, te kvalitative promjene veze retraktora donje vjeđe i tarzusa. Dvije istraživane skupine bile su usporedive prema spolu, te iako je ispitivana skupina s involucijskim entropijem (76,7±7,16 godina) bila u prosjeku starija od kontrolne (72,7±6,71 godina), razlika nije bila statistički značajna. Tarzus je bio statistički značajno deblji u skupini s involucijskim entropijem (p=0,006; ttest). Srednja debljina tarzusa u ispitivanoj skupini iznosila je 1,40±0,32 mm, a u kontrolnoj skupini 1,16±0,19 mm. Iako nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u visini tarzusa između skupina, tarzusi su bili u prosjeku viši kod vjeđa s involucijskim entropijem. Razlika u debljini pretarzalnog orbikularnog mišića, kao i u promjeru pojedinog mišićnog vlakna nije bila statistički značajna. U skupini s involucijskim entropijem 60% vjeđa imalo je potpunu, a 35% djelomičnu dehiscijenciju retraktora donje vjeđe, dok je u kontrolnoj skupini s BCC-om dehiscijencija pronađena samo u 45% vjeđa. Razlika je bila statistički značajna (p=0,002; hi-kvadrat test). Rezultati ove studije potvrđuju našu hipotezu. Prema našem saznanju, ovo je prva histopatološka studija koja je zabilježila zadebljanje tarzusa kod involucijskoga entropija donje vjeđe. No, potrebne su daljnje studije kako bi se utvrdila stvarna uloga ovog važnog otkrića u etiopatogenezi involucijskoga entropija. Štoviše, po prvi puta je u 95% entropičnih vjeđa dokazana djelomična ili potpuna dehiscijencija retraktora donje vjeđe. Stoga, smatramo da bi korekcija okomite nestabilnosti trebala biti obavezni dio u liječenju involucijskoga entropija donje vjeđe.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) | ||||
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Departments: | Katedra za oftalmologiju | ||||
Depositing User: | Anja Majstorović | ||||
University: | Sveučilište u Zagrebu | ||||
Institution: | Medicinski fakultet | ||||
Number of Pages: | 51 | ||||
Status: | Unpublished | ||||
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Date: | 24 October 2018 | ||||
Date Deposited: | 14 Jan 2019 13:11 | ||||
Last Modified: | 14 Jan 2019 13:11 | ||||
Subjects: | / | ||||
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URI: | http://medlib.mef.hr/id/eprint/3022 |
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