Diet quality in elderly nursing home residents evaluated by Diet Quality Index Revised (DQI-R) [Kvaliteta prehrane u osoba smještenih u domovima za starije i nemoćne osobe procijenjena indeksom kakvoće prehrane (DQI-R)]

Rumbak, Ivana and Šatalić, Zvonimir and Keser, Irena and Panjkota Krbavčić, Ines and Giljević, Zlatko and Zadro, Zvonko and Colić Barić, Irena (2010) Diet quality in elderly nursing home residents evaluated by Diet Quality Index Revised (DQI-R) [Kvaliteta prehrane u osoba smještenih u domovima za starije i nemoćne osobe procijenjena indeksom kakvoće prehrane (DQI-R)]. Collegium Antropologicum, 34 (2). pp. 577-585. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate diet quality in elderly nursing home residents and to point out the critical dietary components. The participants (277 females and 62 males) were recruited from all elderly nursing homes in Zagreb and each of elderly nursing homes was equally represented in this study. The age of subjects was ranging from 61 to 93 years; most of the females (53.4%) and males (53.2%) were between 70 and 80 years old. The dietary data from the multi pass 24-hour recall were used to compute the Diet Quality Index Revised (DQI-R). DQI-R is an instrument that provides a summary assessment of a diet's overall healthfulness and is based on ten different aspects, including recommendations for both nutrient and food types. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the total DQI-R score with dietetic parameters and t-test was calculated between mean values of all the components of DQI-R as well as for total DQI-R score for men and women. The mean DQI-R score for the 339 sample was 62.1 +/- 11.7. The biggest number of participants satisfied recommendations about dietary cholesterol intake (88.5% of participants) and dietary moderation score (71.1% of participants) but nobody satisfied recommendation about dietary diversity score. Only 3.2% of subjects had an adequate calcium intake (6.5% of male participants and only 2.5% of female participants). Recommended servings of fruit intake were satisfied by 19.8% of population, 30.4% satisfied vegetables recommendations and 38.6% recommendations for grains. According to DQI-R, beside positive dietary habits regarding dietary moderation and dietary cholesterol intake the population of elderly nursing home residents in the capital of Croatia needs improvement in other dietary habits in order to enhance successful aging.

Abstract in Croatian

Cilj ovog rada bio je procjena prehrane starijih osoba smještenih u Domovima za starije i nemoćne osobe i utvrđivanje kritičnih nutrijenata u njihovoj prehrani. Ispitanici (277 žena i 62 muškarca) su probrani iz svih Domova za starije i nemoćne osobe na području grada Zagreba pri čemu su svi domovi bili jednako zastupljeni. Dob ispitanika bila je u rasponu od 61–93 godine; većina žena (53,4%) i muškaraca (53,2%) bili su u dobnoj skupini od 70–80 godina. Podaci o prehrani prikupljeni su 24-satnim prisjećanjem i korišteni su za izračunavanje revidiranog indeksa kakvoće prehrane (DQI-R). Korišten je Pearsonov koeficijent korelacije kako bi se usporedili dijetetički parametri s ukupnim indeksom kakvoće prehrane i t-test za usporedbu komponenti DQI-R i DQI-R vrijednosti među muškarcima i ženama. Srednja vrijednost DQI-R sume za 339 ispitanika iznosila je 62,1±11,7. Najveći broj ispitanika zadovoljio je preporuke za prehrambeni unos kolesterola (88,5% ispitanika) i za umjerenost (71,1% ispitanika), međutim nitko od ispitanika nije zadovoljio preporuke za raznolikost u prehrani. Samo 3,2% ispitanika imalo je unos kalcija u skladu s preporukama, i to 6,5% muškaraca i 2,5% žena. Preporuke za unos voća zadovoljilo je 19,8% ispitanika, za unos povrća 30,4%, a unos proizvoda iz skupine žitarica bio je u skladu s preporukama u 38,6% ispitanika. Procjenom prehrane prema kategorijama DQI-R, osim prihvatljivih vrijednosti za unos kolesterola i umjerenost, može se zaključit da je potrebno poboljšati kvalitetu prehrane kako bi se doprinijelo boljoj kvaliteti života.

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