The effect of propofol and fentanyl as compared with sevoflurane on postoperative vomiting in children after adenotonsillectomy

Šimurina, Tatjana and Mikulandra, Simon and Mraović, Boris and Sonicki, Zdenko and Kovačić, Marijan and Dželalija, Boris and Rudić, Milan (2006) The effect of propofol and fentanyl as compared with sevoflurane on postoperative vomiting in children after adenotonsillectomy. Collegium Antropologicum, 30 (2). pp. 343-347. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

Postoperative vomiting (PV) after adenotonsillectomy in children is a common problem with an incidence as high as 40-80%. Only few studies in the recent literature compared the effect of different anesthetic techniques concerning PV in children. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of PV in two groups of children who underwent two different general anesthesia techniques in order to determine what type of anesthetic technique is more related to less PV. The clinical trial included 50 children (physical status ASA I, 3-12 years old) divided into 2 groups and monitored for PV 24 hours following the surgery. Group one (G1) consisted of 25 children who underwent general anesthesia with gas mixture 60% nitrous oxide and 40% oxygen and anesthetic propofol, opioid fentanyl and muscle relaxant vecuronium intravenously and group two (G2) included 25 children to whom volatile anesthesia with sevoflurane in the same gas mixture was given. Demographic characteristics (gender, age, weight, history of motion sickness and earlier PV) as well as surgical data (length of surgery and anesthesia, intraoperative blood loss) were recorded. There were no significant differences considering demographic characteristics and surgical data between the investigated groups. The incidence of PV was relatively low 3 children (12%) in G1 group and 5 children (20%) in G2 group. Statistically there was no significant difference between the groups regarding the incidence of PV and both anesthetic techniques can be used equally safe regarded to PV.

Abstract in Croatian

Incidencija poslijeoperacijskog povraćanja u djece nakon adenotonzilektomije je velika i iznosi između 40 i 80%. Malo je studija koje su uspoređivale utjecaj različitih anestezioloških tehnika na poslijeoperacijsko povraćanje u djece. Cilj ovog rada bio je usporediti učestalost povraćanja nakon adenotonzilektomije kod djece s obzirom na dvije različite tehnike opće anestezije i odrediti koja je od primijenjenih anestezioloških tehnika povezana s nižom incidencijom poslijeoperacijskog povraćanja. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 50 djece (ASA I, 3–12 godina starosti) koja su bila praćena s obzirom na poslijeoperativno povraćanje tijekom prvih 24 sata nakon adenotonzilektomije. Prva grupa (G1) sastojala se od 25 djece koja su bila anestezirana smjesom 60% dušičnog oksidula i 40% kisika, te intravenskim anestetikom propofolom, opioidom fentanilom i mišićnim relaksatorom vekuronijumom. Druga grupa (G2) sastojala se od 25 djece anesteziranih volatilnim anestetikom sevofluranom u istoj plinskoj smjesi kao i kod G1. Grupe G1 i G2 nisu se međusobno statistički značajno razlikovale s obzirom na demografske osobine (spol, dob, tjelesna težina, kinetoze i ranija poslijeoperativna povraćanja) i kirurške značajke (dužina trajanja operacije i anestezije, gubitak krvi tijekom operacije). U obje grupe je nađena relativno mala učestalost poslijeoperacijskog povraćanja 3 djeteta (12%) u G1 i 5 djece (20%) u G2. Nije nađena statistički značajna razlika s obzirom na učestalost poslijeoperativnog povraćanja između G1 i G2. Obje anesteziološke tehnike su se pokazale jednako pouzdane s obzirom na poslijeoperacijsko povraćanje kod djece nakon adenotonzilektomije.

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