Prevalence of new diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Kosovo

Carkaxhiu Hyseini, Linda (2017) Prevalence of new diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in Kosovo. PhD thesis, Sveučilište u Zagrebu.

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Abstract

Background. Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care in developing contries remains a challenge, therefore pragmatic models of opportunistic screening should be explored. Objective: To determine the prevalence of new cases of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in general practices of Kosovo and investigate the feasibility and performance of a pragmatic system for identifying patients with these two conditions. Settings: Five general practices in Kosovo. Methods: The study utilized an opportunistic screening programme for type 2 diabetes detectection in primary care. All patients with at least one risk for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes, aged 45-70, who attended to general practices for any reason were screened. Fasting capillary blood glucose was measured on two independent days. Additionally, anthropometric measurements were also performed Results: A total of 1208 patients were screened for type 2 diabetes. There were 152 (12.6%) undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and 185 (15.3%) prediabetes patients Significant prediction factors (p<0.05) were; overweight (77.6%), hypertension (68.1%) and hyperlipidemia (38.5%). The majority of patients (76.2%) had two risk factors and 36% had three risk factors Conclusions: The ‘pragmatic’ opportunistic screening process in this study was suitable for implementation in transition countries like Kosovo and resulted in detection of significant number of patients with pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes who were also overweight, had hypertension and hyperlipidaemia

Abstract in Croatian

Uvod: Probir za secernu bolest tipa 2 u obiteljskoj medicini u zemljama u razvoju ostaje i dalje izazov. Zbog toga se istrazuje najprakticnija metoda u svakodnevnom radu. Ciljevi: Istraziti prevalenciju neotkrivene secerne bolesti i ostecene glukoze nataste u ambulantama obiteljske medicine na Kosovu i testirati najoptimalniji model oportunistickog probira za otkrivanje ovih pacijenata Mjesto: Pet ordinacija obiteljske medicine na Kosovu Metode: Istrazivali smo metodu oportunistickog probira secerne bolesti u ordinaciji obiteljske medicine. Probirom su obuhvaceni svi pacijenti u dobi 45-70 godina sa najmanje jednim poznatim cimbenikom rizika koji su iz bilo kojeg razloga posjetili svog lijecnika. Rezultati: Probirom je obuhvaceno 1208 pacijenata. Otkrivena su 152(12.6%) pacijenta sa secernom bolesti te 185(15.3%) sa predijabetesom Statisticki znacajni rizicni faktori su (p<0.05); prekomjerna tjelesna tezina (77.6%), hipertenzija (68.1%) I hiperlipidemija. Vecina pacijenata (76.2%) je imala dva faktora rizika, dok je 36% imalo tri faktora rizika. Zakljucak: Ova studija je pokazala da je metoda oportunistickog probira prikladna za implementaciju u ordinacije obiteljske medicine u zemljama u razvoju, poput Kosova. Otkriven je znacajan broj pacijenata sa secernom bolescu i predijabetesom koji su takoder imali prekomjernu tjelesnu tezinu, hipertenziju i hiperlipidemiju.

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