Biokemijski pokazatelji cerebralne ishemije i vazospazma u bolesnika liječenih zbog cerebralne aneurizme

Radonić, Jelena (2015) Biokemijski pokazatelji cerebralne ishemije i vazospazma u bolesnika liječenih zbog cerebralne aneurizme. PhD thesis, Sveučilište u Zagrebu.

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Abstract

Cerebral vasospasm in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysm and development of subarachnoid haemorrhage may cause delayed cerebral ishaemia and neuronal lesions. Potential biomarkers for prediction of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ishemia could be helpful. In this clinical prospective study endothelin-1, lactate, pCO2, pO2 and haemoglobin oxygen saturation were measured in arterial blood and venous blood obtained from internal jugular vein before, during and after surgery and tested as potential predictors for delayed cerebral ischemia and neurologic patients outcome. 41 patient, operated in general anesthesia due to cerebral aneurysm, was enrolled in the study. In 23 patients surgery was performed after aneurysmal rupture with development of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). 18 were operated due to nonruptured cerebral aneurysm. In patients with SAH average Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) was 14.2 and Hunt Hess score was 1.48. Patients with nonruptured aneurysm didn't show disturbances of consciousness before the treatment. All patients survived. In 9 patients after the surgery and 6 month later neurologic deficit was recorded, in 5 of them mild and in 4 significant. Two patients experienced seizures during the follow up. There was no difference in outcome between those operated after the SAH or those with nonruptured aneurysm. Symptomatic vasospasm was recorded in 51.2% of patients, with no statistically significant difference between groups of patients with or without SAH. Endothelin-1 and lactate concentrations as well as pO2 i pCO2 in arterial blood and blood obtained from jugular vein and its venoarterial difference didn't differ in group of patients according to neurologic outcome. Only statistically significant was the difference between groups with favorable and unfavorable neurologic oucome in venoarterious difference of endothelin-1 concentrations next day after surgery. Also, significant correlation between endotheli-1 and lactate concentration was demonstrated, which suggest its participation in the common patophysiologic process. Interesting observation is the finding of lower pCO2 in patients with lower initial GCS and higher Hunt Hess score in the phase after extubation, when the patients breathe independently again so the amount of lung ventilation is controlled spontaneously. We can conclude that endothelin-1 and other measured biochemical parameters didn't show enough predictive power to be useful in clinical practice for prediction of cerebral vasospasm and neurologic outcome. But, some correlation between them exists which suggest its enrolment in the same patophysiologic process.

Abstract in Croatian

Cerebralni vazospazam u bolesnika s rupturom aneurizme i razvojem subarahnoidalnog krvarenja može dovesti do naknadne cerebralne ishemije i neuroloških oštećenja. Biomarkeri koji bi mogli predskazati pojavu cerebralnog vazospazma i odložene cerebralne ishemije, te predskazati ishod bolesnika mogli bi biti korisni u svakodnevnom radu. U ovoj kliničkoj prospektivnoj studiji u bolesnika anesteziranih radi operacije cerebralne aneurizme zabilježeni su relevantni klinički parametri i mjerene koncentracije endotelina-1, laktata, parcijalni tlak kisika i ugljikovog dikosida te saturacija hemoglobina kisikom od indukcije u anesteziju, za vrijeme i nakon operacijskog zahvata. Provedena je analiza navedenih biokemijskih parametara radi uvida u njihovu prediktivnu sposobnost pojave odložene cerebralne ishemije uslijed vazospazma i ishoda bolesnika. U studiju je uključen 41 bolesnik u kojeg je u općoj anesteziji učinjen operacijski zahvat radi aneurizme cerebralne arterije. U 23 bolesnka operacijski zahvat je učinjen nakon što je aneurizma rupturirala što je dovelo do subarahnoidalnog krvarenja, a u 18 bolesnika operacijski zahvat je učinjen u bolesnika u kojih nije bilo rupture aneurizme. U bolesnika operiranih nakon rupture aneurizme prosječni GCS iznosio je 14.2, a Hunt Hess skor 1.48, dok je u skupini bolesnika bez rupture aneurizme stanje svijesti bilo normalno. Svi bolesnici su preživjeli. U 9 bolesnika zaostale su nakon zahvata i nakon 6 mjeseci praćenja neurološke posljedice, u 5 bolesnika blaže, a u 4 znatne. Dvoje bolesnika imalo je u periodu nakon operacije epileptičke napade. Nije bilo značajne razlike u ishodu bolesnika operiranih radi aneurizme koja je rupturirala i onih u kojih nije bilo rupture aneurizme prije operacijskog zahvata. Kliničkim praćenjem stanja svijesti predviđen je cerebralni vazospazam u 51.2 % bolesnika. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u učestalosti klinički manifestnog spazma između skupine bolesnika operiranih radi rupturirane i radi neurpturirane aneurizme. Koncentracija endotelina-1, laktata, pO2 i pCO2 u arterijskoj krvi, te krvi iz bulbusa jugularne vene, te njihova venoarterijska razlika nije se razlikovala između skupine bolesnika s povoljnim i onih s nepovoljnim ishodom. Nalazi se jedino statistički značajna razlika venoarterijske razlike endotelina u bolesnika iduće jutro nakon operacijskog zahvata između onih s povoljnim i onih s nepovoljnim neurološkim ishodom. Osim toga, nalazi se visokoznačajna povezanost koncentracije endotelina-1 i koncentracije laktata što upućuje na njihovo uključenje u patofiziološkom zbivanju u ovih bolesnika. Zanimljivo je i opažanje nižeg pCO2 u fazi nakon operacije, kad bolesnici počnu ponovo spontano regulirati veličinu plućne ventilacije, u bolesnika s nižim inicijalnim GCS i višim Hunt Hess skorom. Možemo zaključiti da se endotelin-1 i drugi mjereni biokemijski parametri nisu pokazali kao upotrebljivi klinički prediktori vazospazma i neurološkog ishoda u bolesnika anesteziranih radi operacije cerebralne aneurizme, no postoji njihova povezanost što upućuje na njihovu ulogu u jedinstvenom patofiziološkom procesu u ovih bolesnika.

Item Type: Thesis (PhD)
Mentors:
Mentor
Popović, Ljiljana
Departments: Izvan medicinskog fakulteta
Depositing User: Marijan Šember
University: Sveučilište u Zagrebu
Institution: Medicinski fakultet
Number of Pages: 166
Status: Unpublished
Creators:
CreatorsEmail
Radonić, JelenaUNSPECIFIED
Date: 18 May 2015
Date Deposited: 11 Sep 2015 09:14
Last Modified: 11 Sep 2015 09:14
Subjects: /
Related URLs:
    URI: http://medlib.mef.hr/id/eprint/2241

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