Comparison between refractometer and retinoscopy in determining refractive errors in children - false doubt [Usporedba refraktometra i skijaskopije u određivanju refrakcijskih grešaka - lažna sumnja]

Pokupec, Rajko and Mrazovac, Danijela and Popović-Suić, Smiljka and Mrazovac, Višnja and Kordić, Rajko and Petriček, Igor (2013) Comparison between refractometer and retinoscopy in determining refractive errors in children - false doubt [Usporedba refraktometra i skijaskopije u određivanju refrakcijskih grešaka - lažna sumnja]. Collegium Antropologicum, 37 (S. 1). pp. 205-208. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

Early detection of a refractive error and its correction are extremely important for the prevention of amblyopia (poor vision). The golden standard in the detection of refractive errors is retinoscopy--a method where the pupils are dilated in order to exclude accomodation. This results in a more accurate measurement of a refractive error. Automatic computer refractometer is also in use. The study included 30 patients, 15 boys, 15 girls aged 4-16. The first examination was conducted with refractometer on narrow pupils. Retinoscopy, followed by another examination with refractometer was performed on pupils dilated with mydriatic drops administered 3 times. The results obtained with three methods were compared. They indicate that in narrow pupils the autorefractometer revealed an increased diopter value in nearsightedness (myopia), the minus overcorrection, whereas findings obtained with retinoscopy and autorefractometer in mydriasis cycloplegia, were much more accurate. The results were statistically processed, which confirmed the differences between obtained measurements. These findings are consistent with the results of studies conducted by other authors. Automatic refractometry on narrow pupils has proven to be a method for detection of refractive errors in children. However, the exact value of the refractive error is obtained only in mydriasis--with retinoscopy or an automatic refractometer on dilated pupils.

Abstract in Croatian

Rano otkrivanje refrakcijske greške te njena pravodobna korekcija iznimno su bitni kako bi se prevenirao nastanak slabovidnosti – ambliopije. Zlatni standard u dijagnostici refrakcijske greške je skijaskopija – metoda širenja zjenica midrijaticima kako bi se isključila akomodacija, čime se dobiva točniji nalaz refrakcijske greške. Za postizanje midrijaze koristimo atropin i homatropin kapi. Pregled se radi u tamnoj sobi, na udaljenosti od jednog metra, kada ispitivač usmjerava svjetlo direktno u oko, te promatra refleksiju svjetla u zjenici oka pacijenta. Refraktometrija, s druge strane, metoda je gdje se koristimo kompjuteriziranim uređajem koji sadrži infracrveno svjetlo valne duljine 800–900 nm, točku fiksacije i Badelov optometar. Cilj našeg rada je dokazati postoji li statistički značajna razlika u vrijednostima refrakcijske greške dobivenima homatropin skijaskopijom i automatskim refraktometrom.

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