Complicated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: a comprehensive review of the CIAO study

Sartelli, Massimo and Catena, Fausto and Ansaloni, Luca and Leppaniemi, Ari and Taviloglu, Korhan and van Goor, Harry and Viale, Pierluigi and Lazzareschi, Daniel and Coccolini, Federico and Corbella, Davide and de Werra, Carlo and Marrelli, Daniele and Colizza, Sergio and Scibè, Rodolfo and Alis, Halil and Torer, Nurkan and Navarro, Salvador and Sakakushev, Boris and Massalou, Damien and Augustin, Goran and Catani, Marco and Kauhanen, Saila and Pletinckx, Pieter and Kenig, Jakub and Di Saverio, Salomone and Jovine, Elio and Guercioni, Gianluca and Skrovina, Matej and Diaz-Nieto, Rafael and Ferrero, Alessandro and Rausei, Stefano and Laine, Samipetteri and Major, Piotr and Angst, Eliane and Pittet, Olivier and Herych, Ihor and Agresta, Ferdinando and Vettoretto, Nereo and Poiasina, Elia and Tepp, Jaan and Weiss, Gunter and Vasquez, Giorgio and Vladov, Nikola and Tranà, Cristian and Delibegovic, Samir and Dziki, Adam and Giraudo, Giorgio and Pereira, Jorge and Tzerbinis, Helen and van Dellen, David and Hutan, Martin and Vereczkei, Andras and Krasniqi, Avdyl and Seretis, Charalampos and Mesina, Cristian and Rems, Miran and Campanile, Fabio and Coletta, Pietro and Uotila-Nieminen, Mirjami and Dente, Mario and Bouliaris, Konstantinos and Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos and Khokha, Vladimir and Zivanovic, Dragoljub and Smirnov, Dmitry and Marinis, Athanasios and Negoi, Ionut and Ney, Ludwig and Bini, Roberto and Leon, Miguel and Aloia, Sergio and Huchon, Cyrille and Moldovanu, Radu and de Melo, Renato and Giakoustidis, Dimitrios and Ioannidis, Orestis and Cucchi, Michele and Pintar, Tadeja and Krivokapic, Zoran and Petrovic, Jelena (2012) Complicated intra-abdominal infections in Europe: a comprehensive review of the CIAO study. World Journal of Emergency Surgery, 7 (1). p. 36. ISSN 1749-7922

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Abstract

The CIAO Study ("Complicated Intra-Abdominal infection Observational" Study) is a multicenter investigation performed in 68 medical institutions throughout Europe over the course of a 6-month observational period (January-June 2012).Patients with either community-acquired or healthcare-associated complicated intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) were included in the study.2,152 patients with a mean age of 53.8 years (range: 4-98 years) were enrolled in the study. 46.3% of the patients were women and 53.7% were men. Intraperitoneal specimens were collected from 62.2% of the enrolled patients, and from these samples, a variety of microorganisms were collectively identified.The overall mortality rate was 7.5% (163/2.152).According to multivariate analysis of the compiled data, several criteria were found to be independent variables predictive of patient mortality, including patient age, the presence of an intestinal non-appendicular source of infection (colonic non-diverticular perforation, complicated diverticulitis, small bowel perforation), a delayed initial intervention (a delay exceeding 24 hours), sepsis and septic shock in the immediate post-operative period, and ICU admission.Given the sweeping geographical distribution of the participating medical centers, the CIAO Study gives an accurate description of the epidemiological, clinical, microbiological, and treatment profiles of complicated intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) throughout Europe.

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