Musić Milanović, Sanja
(2010)
Demografske, bihevioralne i socio-ekonomske odrednice debljine odraslih u Hrvatskoj.
PhD thesis, Sveučilište u Zagrebu.
Abstract
The objective of this thesis was to estimate the burden of obesity in Croatia, describe the changes over a five-year period and study the connection between and predicative value of potentially preventable behavioral and socioeconomic determinants of obesity. This study was based on data from two Croatian Adult Health Survey (CAHS) cycles. The selected pattern was representative of the general population of age in Croatia. The first CAHS cycle in 2003 covered a planned representative sample of 10 766 persons over the age of 18 from six Croatian regions (North, South, East, West and Central regions, and the City of Zagreb). Answers and measurements were collected from 84.3% or 9 070 respondents. During the second survey cycle in 2008, visiting nurses reinterviewed the same respondents at their homes. Data from 3 286 persons were collected. 20.37% of Croatian adults (95% CI 19.19- 21.55) are obese; more precisely, 20.14% (95% CI 18.38-21.89) men and 20.60% (95% CI 19.34-21.81) women. The largest share of obese population belongs to the 45-54 age group; specifically 27.85% men and 32.82% women. The lowest share of obese adults come from the West region (15.54%; 95% CI 12.55-18.52), the highest from the North (25.59%; 95% CI 23.37-27.81). The average annual rate of increase in the prevalence of obese adults between 2003 and 2008 was 10.60% for men, 11.08% for women. Age and frequent consumption of "hidden" fats of animal origin in both sexes, as well as the level of formal education of women, are predictors of obesity both nationally and regionally. A significant behavioral risk from obesity has emerged among men in the Central region of Croatia – excessive alcohol consumption. Obesity is significantly and distinctly socially conditioned in women, whereas for men the indication of social conditioning has not reached a statistically significant level. Health behavior is socially conditioned in both sexes. The results suggest that the increase in mean body mass index value (1.31 kg/m² for women and 1.41 kg/m² for men) will shorten life expectancy at birth for one year. Preventive public health programs fighting obesity should focus on the impact and consequences of frequent consumption of "hidden" fats of animal origin. While for men a unique educational model is applicable, women require more specialized programs, adapted to their social background.
Abstract in Croatian
Cilj je ove disertacije procijeniti breme debljine u Hrvatskoj, opisati promjene u petogodišnjem razdoblju te istražiti povezanost i prediktivnu vrijednost potencijalno preventabilnih bihevioralnih i socio-ekonomskih odrednica debljine. U istraživanju su korišteni podaci iz dva kruga istraživanja HZA. Odabrani uzorak reprezentativan je za punoljetnu opću populaciju u Hrvatskoj. U prvom krugu istraživanja provedenom 2003. godine obuvaćen je planirani reprezentativni uzorak od 10 766 osoba starijih od 18 godina iz šest regija u RH (Sjeverna, Južna, Istočna, Zapadna, Središnja i Grad Zagreb). Odgovori i mjerenja prikupljeni su od njih 84,3%, odnosno 9 070 ispitanika. U drugom krugu istraživanja provedenom 2008. godine patronažne sestre ponovo su anketirale iste ispitanike u njihovim domovima. Prikupljeni su podaci za 3 286 ispitanika. U Hrvatskoj je 20,37% (95% CI 19,19- 21,55) odraslog stanovništva debelo, 20,14% (95% CI 18,38-21,89) muškaraca i 20,60% (95% CI 19,34-21,81) žena. Najveći je udio debelih u dobi od 45 do 54 godine, s 27,85% debelih muškaraca i 32,82% debelih žena. Udio osoba s debljinom najmanji je u Zapadnoj (15,54%; 95% CI 12,55-18,52), a najveći u Sjevernoj regiji (25,59%; 95% CI 23,37-27,81). Prosječna godišnja stopa porasta prevalencije debelih odraslih osoba u razdoblju od 2003. do 2008. godine iznosi u muškaraca 10,60%, a u žena 11,08%. Dob i učestala konzumacija »skrivenih« masnoća životinjskog porijekla u oba spola te razina formalnog obrazovanja u žena prediktori su debljine i na nacionalnoj i na regionalnoj razini Hrvatske. Među muškarcima u Središnjoj regiji Hrvatske izlučio se još jedan značajan bihevioralni rizik debljine, a to je prekomjerno konzumiranje alkohola. Debljina je značajno i vrlo jasno socijalno uvjetovana u žena, dok u muškaraca postoji naznaka socijalne uvjetovanosti, koja međutim nije dosegnula statističku značajnost. Zdravstveno ponašanje socijalno je uvjetovano u oba spola. Rezultati sugeriraju da će porast srednje vrijednosti ITM-a od 1,31 kg/m² u žena, odnosno 1,41 kg/m² u muškaraca skratiti OTŽ pri rođenju za jednu godinu. Preventivne javnozdravstvene programe vezane uz problem debljine valjalo bi usmjeriti na važnost i posljedice učestale konzumacije »skrivenih« masnoća životinjskog porijekla. U muškaraca je moguće primjeniti jedinstveni model edukacije, dok su za žene potrebni specifični programi, prilagođeni njihovoj socijalnoj pripadnosti.
Item Type: |
Thesis
(PhD)
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Mentors: |
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Departments: |
Izvan medicinskog fakulteta |
Depositing User: |
Marijan Šember
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University: |
Sveučilište u Zagrebu |
Institution: |
Medicinski fakultet |
Number of Pages: |
167 |
Status: |
Unpublished |
Creators: |
Creators | Email |
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Musić Milanović, Sanja | UNSPECIFIED |
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Date: |
27 December 2010 |
Date Deposited: |
11 Feb 2011 |
Last Modified: |
23 Sep 2011 16:11 |
Subjects: |
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Related URLs: |
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URI: |
http://medlib.mef.hr/id/eprint/932 |
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