Cardiovascular diseases, risk factors and barriers in their prevention in Croatia [Kardiovaskularne bolesti, rizični faktori i zapreke za prevenciju u Hrvatskoj]

Džakula, Aleksandar and Šogorić, Selma and Polašek, Ozren and Juriša, Adriana and Andrić, Adriana and Radaković, Nikolina and Todorović, Goran (2009) Cardiovascular diseases, risk factors and barriers in their prevention in Croatia [Kardiovaskularne bolesti, rizični faktori i zapreke za prevenciju u Hrvatskoj]. Collegium Antropologicum, 33 (S. 1). pp. 87-92. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Croatia, with significant regional differences. Despite high mortality rates, high prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors and well organized public health network, comprehensive system for cardiovascular disease monitoring and interventions does not exist. In this study we analyzed legislation framework and responsibilities of stakeholders relevant for cardiovascular disease surveillance and prevention. According to the international experiences we analyzed characteristics of cardiovascular disease prevention in Croatia and causes of the problems appeared in the preventive programs in Croatia. Analysis showed that primary problem is not inefficiency, but the existence of barriers in preventive activities definition, responsibilities distribution and task implementation. Main cause for such situation is incompatibility of the existing practices in clinical medicine and public health with recommendations from other countries. For the successful prevention of cardiovascular disease in Croatia at least three changes need to be made--define new terms and contents of prevention, define new responsibilities distribution and provide equity in health as basic criterion for successful preventive programs.

Abstract in Croatian

Kardiovaskularne bolesti su vodeći uzrok smrti u Republici Hrvatskoj, a dokazane su i značajne razlike u kardiovaskularnim rizicima među pojedinim regijama Hrvatske. U prkos izrazito visokim stopama smrtnosti i rizicima za kardiovaskularno zdravlje te razvijenom sustavu javnozdravstvenih ustanova, ne postoji jedinstveni sustav za praćenje rizika kardiovaskularnih bolesti niti provođenje intervencija. U ovom radu analizirali smo legislativu i odgovornosti koje u sustavu imaju pojedini dionici. U skladu sa iskustvima iz svijeta analizirali smo osobitosti preventivne medicine u Hrvatskoj i razloge nastanka problema u provođenju preventivnih programa. Analiza stanja u Hrvatskoj pokazala je da osnovni problem nije nedjelotvornost sustava, već da postoje ograničenja u određivanju sadržaja, odgovornosti i zadataka u preventivnim intervencijama. Razlog takvog stanja je neprilagođenost sustava suvremenim pristupima u organizaciji. Za uspješnu provedbu preventive u Hrvatskoj potrebno je iznova definirati sadržaja i pojmova preventivne medicine, provesti novu raspodjelu odgovornosti za preventivu, kao i uključivanje kriterija pravednosti u zdravlju kao kriterija uspješnosti preventive.

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