Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the interior of Croatia: the Baranja region

Tucak-Zorić, Sandra and Bilić Čurčić, Ines and Mihalj, Hrvoje and Dumančić, Ivana and Zelić, Žarko and Majetić Cetina, Nada and Smolić, Robert and Volarević, Martina and Missoni, Saša and Tomljenović, Andrea and Szirovicza, Lajos and Duraković, Zijad and Xi, Huifeng and Chakraborty, Ranajit and Deka, Ranjan and Tucak, Antun and Rudan, Pavao (2008) Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the interior of Croatia: the Baranja region. Collegium Antropologicum, 32 (3). pp. 659-665. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS), a constellation of metabolic risk factors associated with development of cardiovascular diseases and Type 2 diabetes (T2D), has emerged as a public health problem of enormous proportions in developed and developing countries. We have reported previously its prevalence in several island populations of the Eastern Adriatic coast of Croatia. In spite of leading a relatively traditional life style pattern including adherence to a Mediterranean diet, the prevalence of MS in these populations is high and comparable to that in developed nations. However, data on prevalence of MS among the mainland Croatian populations is limited. Therefore, we conducted a study in an outbred population comprising of Croats, Hungarians and Serbs from the Baranja region of mainland Croatia. Although this is an ethnically heterogeneous population, the constituent groups exchange mates and therefore, are not reproductively isolated. The life style patterns are also similar. Overall prevalence of MS, assessed by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria, is 40% (35% in males and 42% in females) with Body Mass Index (BMI) as the predictor of obesity and 42% (52% in males and 39% in females) with Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) as the predictor of obesity. It is likely that, in addition to genetic risk factors, a host of environmental factors that include dietary habits and relatively urban life style in a modernized society have influenced the levels of the constituent metabolic traits leading to an increased prevalence of MS.

Abstract in Croatian

Metabolički sindrom (MS), skup metaboličkih čimbenika opasnosti koji su povezani s razvojem kardiovaskularnih bolesti i šećerne bolesti tipa 2 (T2D) velikog je i sve većeg javnozdravstvenog značaja u razvijenim zemljama i zemljama u razvoju. Ranije smo objavili prevalenciju tog sindroma u nekoliko izoliranih otočkih populacija Hrvatskog istočnog Jadrana. Prevalencija MS u tim populacijama je visoka, ako se podaci usporede s onima u razvijenim zemljama, unatoč tome što se na tim otocima provodi relativno tradicijski način življenja koji uključuje korištenje mediteranske prehrane. No međutim, podaci o učestalosti MS u kopnenom dijelu Hrvatske su oskudni. Stoga smo proveli istraživanje u populaciji koja obuhvaća Hrvate, Mađare, Srbe i Rome iz regije Baranje, koja se nalazi u kopnenom dijelu Hrvatske. Iako se radi o etnički heterogenoj populaciji, ona nije reprodukcijski izolirana i način života među tim skupinama je sličan. Dijagnozu MS postavili smo na osnovi kriterija Nacionalnog programa kolesterolske poduke (NCEP). U ocjeni pretilosti prema indeksu tjelesne mase (BMI), ukupna prevalencija MS iznosila je 40% (35% u muškaraca i 42% u žena), dok u ocjeni pretilosti prema omjeru struka i bokova (WHR) ukupna prevalencija MS iznosila je 42% (52% u muškaraca i 39% u žena). Čini se da pored genetskih čimbenika opasnosti, mnoštvo čimbenika okoliša utječe na razinu sastavnih metaboličkih značajki koje vode ka porastu prevalencije MS, a što uključuje navike prehrane i relativno gradski način življenja u moderniziranom društvu.

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