Screening for depression disorders in patients with chronic somatic illness

Filipčić, Igor and Popović-Grle, Sanja and Marčinko, Darko and Bašić, Silvio and Hotujac, Ljubomir and Pavičić, Fadila and Hajnšek, Sanja and Aganović, Izet (2007) Screening for depression disorders in patients with chronic somatic illness. Collegium Antropologicum, 31 (1). pp. 139-143. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

Depression is one of the most common complications in patients with chronic somatic illnesses. Comorbidity of depression with physical illness often remains unrecognized and untreated, additionally aggravating the somatic illness itself, its treatment and prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression in chronic somatic patients suffering from diabetes, epilepsy, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and hypothyroidism. Patients, who were regularly attending control examinations in neurological and internal medicine out-patient departments, were tested for the presence of depression with Beck Depression Inventory. The sample comprised 2153 chronic somatic patients aged between 18 and 80 years. Out of this total, 228 patients (10.6%) did not complete the study, (5.12%) refused to participate, and (5.5%) of the patients were technical failures. 1925 patients completed the study, and 1383 of them were not depressive. In 542 patients (28.5%) depression was confirmed, being almost twice more frequent in women, 346 (64%) vs. 196 (36%) male. Among these depressed examinees, mild depression was found in 284 (52.4%), major in 186 (34.3%) and severe in 72 (13.3%) chronic somatic patients. The majority of patients were aged over 55 yrs (49%). This population contained the largest number of depressed examinees (49.9%). The prevalence of depression with regard to subgroups shows that (25.6%) of asthma patients were depressed, as well as (26.6%) of those with COPD. These two groups did not present statistically significant differences regarding gender. The depression level of (32.2%) was found in patients with diabetes, of (29.6%) in patients with epilepsy and of (24.2%) among those with hypothyroidism. As for gender, statistically significant difference was found in the last three groups of patients (p < 0.001).

Abstract in Croatian

Depresija je jedna od najčešćih komplikacija u bolesnika koji boluju od kroničnih somatskih bolesti. Depresija kao komorbiditet kroničnih tjelesnih bolesti često ostaje neprepoznata i neliječena, što pogoršava tijek, liječenje i prognozu tjelesnih bolesti, te stanje oboljelog. Cilj ovog ispitivanja je ispitati prevalenciju i stupanj depresije u kroničnih somatskih bolesnika koji boluju od dijabetesa, epilepsije, astme, kronične opstruktivne plućne bolesti (KOPB) i hipotireoidizma. Prisutnost simptoma i stupanj depresije ispitivani su u vremenu od 12 mjeseci, na bolesnicima koji se liječe ambulantno i redovito pohode kontrolne internističke ili neurološke preglede. Ispitivanje je provedeno Bekovim upitnikom za ispitivanje stupnja depresije. Uključeni su pacijenti u stanju remisije s obzirom na njihovu somatsku bolest. Uzorak se sastojao od 2153 kroničnih somatskih bolesnika u dobi od 18 do 80 godina. Statistički nije obrađeno 228 (10.6%) ispunjenih upitnika ispitanika, jer (5.12%) nije valjano ispunilo upitnik, a (5.5%) ispitanika je ispalo zbog tehničkih pogrešaka. Rezultati ispitivanja u 1925 kroničnih somatskih bolesnika, potvrđuju depresiju u 542 (28.5%) ispitanika, dva puta češće u žena 346 (64%) nego u muškaraca 196 (36%). Značajan broj ispitanika stariji je od 55 godina (49%). Od ukupnog broja depresivnih bolesnika, blaga depresija utvrđena je u 284 (52,4%), srednje teška depresija u 186 (34.3%) i težak oblik depresije u 72 (13.3%) kroničnih somatskih bolesnika. Depresija je u ovom ispitivanju utvrđena u (25.6%) bolesnika koji boluju od astme, (26.6%) oboljelih od KOPB-a. Statistički značajna razlika vezana uz spol u navedene dvije bolesti nije utvrđena. Depresija je utvrđena i u (32.2%) ispitanika oboljelih od dijabetesa, (29.6%) ispitanika oboljelih od epilepsije, te u (24.2%) ispitanika oboljelih od hipotireoidizma. U posljednje tri skupine ispitanika utvrđena je i statistički značajna razlika po spolu (p<0.001).

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