The effects of the level of physical activity on calcaneal ultrasound measurements: bone properties of medical and physical education students

Kaštelan, Darko and Kraljević, Ivana and Kardum, Iva and Kasović, Mario and Dušek, Tina and Mazalin Protulipac, Josipa and Giljević, Zlatko and Perković, Zdravko and Jelčić, Jozo and Aganović, Izet and Koršić, Mirko (2007) The effects of the level of physical activity on calcaneal ultrasound measurements: bone properties of medical and physical education students. Collegium Antropologicum, 31 (3). pp. 701-704. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare bone properties of two groups of students which strongly differ in the level of their everyday physical activity; the School of Medicine (SM) students and the Faculty of Physical Education (FPE) students, University of Zagreb. Quantitative ultrasound parameters--broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) were measured. Quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) and estimated bone mineral density (BMD) were calculated by the device software. The final study sample consisted of 165 students from SM (94 males and 71 females) and 215 students from the FPE (164 males, 51 females). Sixty eight percent of FPE students and 21% of SM students reported a high level of everyday physical activity (P < 0.001). All ultrasound parameters were significantly higher in FPE students than in SM students (at the P < 0.001 level). The multiple regression model of the QUI confirmed that the school students attended was the single significant predictor variable for both genders. Our data indirectly showed the beneficial role of physical activity on bone properties.

Abstract in Croatian

Cilj istraživanja bio je usporediti značajke koštanog statusa u dvije grupe studenata koji se bitno razlikuju u razini svoje svakodnevne fizičke aktivnosti; studenata Medicinskog fakulteta (MF) i studenata Fakulteta za fizičku kulturu (FFK), Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Ispitanicima su izmjereni ultrazvučni parametri kosti – slabljenje ultrazvučnog vala pri prolasku kroz kost (BUA) i brzina ultrazvučnog vala pri prolasku kroz kost (SOS). Indeks kvatitativnog ultrazvuka (QUI) i procijenjena mineralna gustoća kosti (BMD) su izračunati pomoću programske podrške aparata. U istraživanje je uključeno 165 studenata MF (94 muškarca i 71 žena) i 215 studenata FFK (164 muškarca, 51 žena). U 68% studenata FFK, u odnosu na 21% studenata MF, nazočna je bila visoka razina svakodnevne fizičke aktivnosti (P<0,001). Svi ultrazvučni parametri petne kosti bili su značajno viši u studenata FFK u usporedbi sa studentima MF (p<0,001). Metoda multiple regresije pokazala je da je u oba spola fakultet koji ispitanici pohađaju nezavisni predskazatelj vrijednosti QUI. Rezultati ovog istraživanja indirektno ukazuju na povoljan učinak fizičke aktivnosti na koštani status.

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