Povezanost trihotilomanije i poremećaja nedostatka pažnje s hiperaktivnošću u djece i adolescenata [Correlations between Trichotillomania and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in children and adolescents]

Klobučar, Aleksandra (2018) Povezanost trihotilomanije i poremećaja nedostatka pažnje s hiperaktivnošću u djece i adolescenata [Correlations between Trichotillomania and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in children and adolescents]. PhD thesis, Sveučilište u Zagrebu.

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Abstract

The main goal of this research was to analyse and show the prevalence of ADHD and certain subtypes of this disorder in children and adolescents diagnosed with TTM and the elements which show their connection. Methods: There were 117 participants between the ages of 8 and 17 included in the research. We were comparing three groups with the diagnosis of: TTM (N=38), ADHD (N=40) and OCD (N=39). Diagnoses were determined by the criteria of DSM-IV. We used The Coping Strategies Inventory for Children and Adolescents (SUO), Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder test (ADHDT),Youth Self Report (YSR). Results: By all three groups of participants there is a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity. ADHD is the most prevalent comorbid disorder (n=6) by the participants with TTM. The participants with TTM have a higher quotient of ADHD than those with OCD, more signs and symptoms of impulsivity and attention deficit. The children and adolescents with TTM and ADHD have less combined internalizing problems and lower levels of results on scales which measure anxiety, depression and withdrawal in reference to the participants with OCD. The children and adolescents with TTM and ADHD bite thier nails considerably more often than children and adolescents with OCD. Conclusion: The results of examining the connection of TTM and ADHD indicate the validity of set hypothesis and widen cognitions about TTM as a disorder by which together with internalized problems there is a considerable prevalence of externalized problems. Although the results of this study due to limitations, do not have firm predicative value, they considerably contribute to better understanding and planning the treatment of these disorders. For the time being we can only guess the existence of higher risk for the development of TTM in children and adolescents with ADHD, but the obtained results indicate that this problem should be further researched.

Abstract in Croatian

Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati i prikazati zastupljenost poremećaja nedostatka pažnje s hiperaktivnošću (ADHD) i pojedinih podtipova ovog poremećaja kod djece i adolescenata s trihotilomanijom (TTM), a potom i elemente koji ukazuju na povezanost ovih poremećaja. Metode: U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 117 ispitanika u dobi od 8 do 17 godina. Uspoređivali smo tri skupine po primarnoj dijagnozi: TTM (N=38), ADHD (N=40) i OKP (N=39). Dijagnoze su postavljene prema kriterijima iz DSM-IV. Od mjernih instrumenata korišteni su; Skala suočavanja sa stresom (SUO, Vulić-Prtorić, 2002.), Test za deficit pažnje i hiperaktivnost (ADHDT, Gilliam, 1995.), Youth Self Report (YSR, Achenbach and Rescorla, 2001.) te upitnici konstruirani za ovo istraživanje. Rezultati: Postoji visoka zastupljenost udruženih psihijatrijskih poremećaja kod sve tri skupine. Kod ispitanika s TTM-om najzastupljeniji je komorbiditet s ADHD-om (n=6) i tikovima (n=5). Ispitanici s TTM-om imaju značajno više znakova i simptoma impulzivnosti, rubno nepažnje i viši ukupni kvocijent ADHD-a od ispitanika s OKP-om. Kod ispitanika s istodobno dijagnosticiranom TTM-om i ADHD-om u kliničkoj slici ADHD-a dominiraju znakovi i simptomi hiperaktivnosti-impulzivnosti. Djeca i adolescenti s TTM-om i ADHD-om imaju značajno manje internaliziranih problema i niže razine rezultata na skalama koje mjere anksioznost, depresivnost i povučenost u odnosu na ispitanike s OKP-om. Djeca i adolescenti s TTM-om i ADHD-om znatno češće grizu nokte u odnosu na djecu i adolescente s OKP-om. Zaključak: Rezultati ispitivanja proširuju spoznaje o TTM-i kao poremećaju kod kojeg uz internalizirane postoji i znatna zastupljenost eksternaliziranih problema. Iako zbog ograničenja nemaju čvrstu prediktivnu vrijednost, rezultati ove studije doprinos su uočavanju povezanosti TTM-e i ADHD-a što je doprinos prevenciji, boljem razumijevanju kliničke slike i planiranju liječenja ovih poremećaja. Za sada možemo samo pretpostaviti višu vjerojatnost za razvoj TTM-e kod djece i adolescenata s ADHD-om, a dobiveni rezultati upućuju da je razumno nastaviti istraživati ovaj problem.

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