Božek, Tomislav (2018) Utjecaj polimorfizama gena za dopamin beta hidroksilazu i katekol-O-metil transferazu na učinkovitost liječenja inzulinom detemir u bolesnika s tipom 2 šećerne bolesti [ The influence of dopamine beta hydroxylase and catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphisms on the efficacy of detemir therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus]. PhD thesis, Sveučilište u Zagrebu.
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Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes represents an important health problem designated by a progressive course and the subsequent need of long-term insulin thearpy to achieve optimal glucose control. It is important to stress out that a substantial number of patients with type 2 diabetes does not achieve optimal glucose control despite intensive insulin treatment. Insulin detemir, besides a low pharmacodynamic coefficient of variability, exihibits anorexigenic features, through its effects on the central nervous system (CNS). It has been shown that dopaminergic system plays an important role in modulating the regulatory metabolic pathways in CNS. Dopamine neurotransmission underlies a reward. Several high visibility studies in humans provided proofof- principle data suporting the hypothesis that defects in dopamine homeostasis contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible effect of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) gene polimorphisms on glucoregulation, and thus ascertain the role of dopaminergic system in achieving and maintaining optimal glycemic control. Participants and methods: This 52-week observational study included 185 patients with inadequate glycemic control treated with premix insulin analogues, which were replaced with three doses of insulin aspart and one dose of insulin detemir (at bedtime), and 156 healthy controls. After DNA isolation from blood samples, genotyping of DBH-1021C/T polymorphism (rs1611115) and COMT Val108/158Met polymorphism (rs4680) was performed. Results: Our results confirmed that insulin detemir did not lead to weight gain, with a significant weight sparing effect in overweight patients. The most significant finding was that A carriers (the combined AG and AA genotype) of the COMT Val108/158Met achieved significantly better hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values compared to patients carrying GG genotype. No association between DBH-1021C/T genotypes and weight and/or glucose control was detected in diabetes patients or in healthy control subjects. Conclusion: This study showed that the presence of one or two A allele of the COMT Val108/158Met was associated with improved glycemic response, and with a better response to insulin detemir therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes, separating them as best candidates for detemir therapy.
Abstract in Croatian
Uvod: Šećerna bolest tipa 2 predstavlja značajan javno zdrastveni problem, a karakterizira ju progresivan tijek te posljedično, u većine bolesnika, potreba za primjenom inzulinske terapije u cilju postizanja optimalne kontrole glikemije. Važno je istaknuti da većina bolesnika s tipom 2 šećerne bolesti unatoč intenzivnom liječenju primjenom inzulina ne postiže optimalnu glukoregulaciju. Isto tako jedna od nepovoljnih posljedica primjene inzulina je porast tjelesne mase. Inzulin detemir je bazalni inzulinski analog koji osim niskog farmakodinamskog koeficijenta varijabilnosti pokazuje anoreksigene značajke djelujući izravno u središnjem živčanom sustavu. Klinička su istraživanja pokazala da dopaminergički sustav ima važnu ulogu u modulaciji regulacijskih metaboličkih puteva u središnjem živčanom sustavu povezanih sa sustavom nagrade. Nekoliko je humanih kliniˇckih studija ukazalo na značaj poremećaja homeostaze dopamina u patofiziologiji pretilosti. Cilj ovog kliničkog istraživanja bio je istražiti moguće učinke polimorfizama gena koji kodiraju za katehol-O-metiltransferazu (COMT) i dopamin beta-hidroksilazu (DBH) na glukoregulaciju, a time istražiti i ulogu dopaminergičkog sustava u postizanju i održavanju optimalne kontrole glikemije. Ispitanici i metode: Opservacijsko istraživanje trajanja 52 tjedna u koje je uključeno 185 bolesnika s tipom 2 šećerne bolesti nezadovoljavajuće reguliranih primjenom predmiješanih inzulinskih analoga, koji su zamijenjeni s tri doze inzulina aspart i jednom dozom inzulina detemir (prije spavanja) te 156 zdrava ispitanika (kontrolna skupina). Nakon izolacije DNK iz uzoraka pune plazme, učinjena je genotipizacija polimorfizama DBH-1021C/T (rs1611115) i COMT Val108/158Met (rs4680). Rezultati: Rezultati su potvrdili spoznaju da inzulin detemir ima povoljan učinak na tjelesnu masu, pri čemu je kod pretilih bolesnika zamijećeno i smanjenje tjelesne mase. Najzna- čaniji rezultat ovog istraživanja je ustanovljena povezanost nosioca A alela (nosioci AG ili GG genotipova) COMT Val108/158Met sa značajno većim sniženjem razine HbA1c u usporedbi s bolesnicima koji su nosioci GG genotipa COMT Val108/158Met. Istraživanjem nije ustanovljena povezanost genotipova DBH-1021C/T i tjelesne mase ili kontrole glikemije, kako u ispitanika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2 tako i u kontrolnoj skupini. Zaključak: Ovim je istraživanjem dokazano da je prisustvo jednog ili dva A alela COMT Val108/158Met polimorfizma povezano s postizanjem bolje regulacije šećerne bolesti te boljim odgovorom na primjenu inzulina detemir u bolesnika s tipom 2 šećerne bolesti, izdvajajući ih kao najbolje kandidate za primjenu inzulina detemir.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD) | ||||
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Mentors: |
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Departments: | Izvan medicinskog fakulteta | ||||
Depositing User: | dr.med. Helena Markulin | ||||
University: | Sveučilište u Zagrebu | ||||
Institution: | Medicinski fakultet | ||||
Number of Pages: | 96 | ||||
Status: | Unpublished | ||||
Creators: |
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Date: | 10 April 2018 | ||||
Date Deposited: | 05 Sep 2018 12:49 | ||||
Last Modified: | 05 Sep 2018 12:49 | ||||
Subjects: | / | ||||
Related URLs: | |||||
URI: | http://medlib.mef.hr/id/eprint/2994 |
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