Jaw injuries of independence victims from the 1991 War in Croatia [Traume čeljusti na žrtvama rata u Hrvatskoj 1991.]

Sušić, Mato and Brozović, Juraj and Filipović Zore, Irina and Milenović, Aleksandar and Strinović, Davor and Brkić, Hrvoje and Gabrić Pandurić, Dragana (2014) Jaw injuries of independence victims from the 1991 War in Croatia [Traume čeljusti na žrtvama rata u Hrvatskoj 1991.]. Collegium Antropologicum, 38 (1). pp. 255-260. ISSN 0350-6134

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Abstract

In the aetiology of maxillofacial injuries, car accidents, violence, sports injuries and lately war injuries are frequently mentioned. The purpose of this study was to exhibit and analyse types of jaw injuries on bodies exhumed from massive and individual graves located in regions temporarily occupied during the War in Croatia that lasted from 1991 to 1995. The sample was the post-mortal documentation of the orofacial region (set of teeth, photographs, radiographic images) of 1068 victims exhumed from massive grave sites in Croatia. The jaw traumatism was analysed on the whole sample as well as on individual graves, whilst the analysis of trauma frequency was performed separately. Descriptive statistics were computed and the value of P < .05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results of this study showed that out of 1068 examined corpses, 332 had midface and lower face fractures, which was 31.1% of the total number. Lower face fractures were more frequent with 28.1%. Age related frequency analysis showed a significant dependency. There were 34.6% of fractures in the under 30 age group, 34.2% in those aged 30-60, while 21.3% of fractures were noted in the over 60 age group. Female bodies had the lowest number of jaw fractures regardless of the osteoporotic changes. The results of this study suggest that younger and middle aged persons were molested more. Jaw fractures suggest ante-mortal molestation. In females, the more likely fracture causes were the falls of the bodies into the graves or body to body hits.

Abstract in Croatian

U etiologiji maksilofacijalnih ozljeda najčešće se spominju prometne nesreće, nasilje i sportske ozljede, a u novije vrijeme sve češće i ratne ozljede. Svrha ovog istraživanja bila je prikazati i analizirati vrste trauma čeljusti na tijelima ekshumiranim iz masovnih i individualnih grobnica nastalih za vrijeme rata u Hrvatskoj od 1991. do 1995. godine u područjima koja su bila privremeno okupirana. Uzorak je činila poslijesmrtna dokumentacija stomatognatog sustava (status zubala, fotografije i rentgenske snimke) 1068 žrtava ekshumiranih iz masovnih grobnica u Hrvatskoj. Analiziran je traumatizam čeljusti na cijelom uzorku te po pojedinim grobnicama, a posebno je analizirana učestalost traumatizma. Napravljena je deskriptivna statistika uz vrijednost p<0.05 prihvaćenu kao signifikantnu. Rezultati našeg istraživanja pokazuju da je na 1068 pregledanih tijela fraktura srednjeg ili donjeg lica nađena kod 332 osobe, što je 31.1% od ukupno analiziranih tijela. Značajno učestalija je bila fraktura donjeg lica s 28.1%. Analiza učestalosti frakture u odnosu na dob pokazala je značajnu ovisnost. U dobnoj skupini do 30 i od 31–60 godina primijećena je fraktura kod 34.6%, odnosno 34.2% ekshumiranih, za razliku od 21.3% kod skupine iznad 60 godina. Žene, bez obzira na moguće osteoporotične promjene s obzirom na dob, imale su najmanji udio fraktura čeljusti. Rezultati ovog istraživanja upućuju na to da su mlade i sredovječne osobe mučene više. Frakture čeljusti predmnijevaju predsmrtno mučenje. Kod ženskih osoba vjerojatni uzrok fraktura bila su padanja tijela u grobnice te udarci tijelo o tijelo.

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